1. What is the GPM Formula?

The GPM (Gallons Per Minute) formula calculates the flow rate through a pipe based on velocity and cross-sectional area. It's essential for designing and analyzing fluid systems in various engineering applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the GPM formula:

Where:

• \( Velocity \) — Flow velocity in feet per second (ft/s)
• \( Area \) — Cross-sectional area in square feet (sq ft)
• \( 448.8 \) — Conversion factor to get gallons per minute

Explanation: The formula converts the volumetric flow rate from cubic feet per second to gallons per minute using the conversion factor 448.8.

3. Importance of GPM Calculation

Details: Accurate GPM calculation is crucial for designing plumbing systems, irrigation systems, industrial processes, and ensuring proper fluid flow in various applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter velocity in ft/s and area in sq ft. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the conversion factor 448.8?
A: 1 cubic foot equals 7.48052 gallons, and 1 minute has 60 seconds, so the conversion factor is 7.48052 × 60 = 448.8312 (rounded to 448.8).

Q2: How do I calculate pipe area?
A: For circular pipes, area = π × (diameter/2)². Remember to convert diameter from inches to feet if necessary (divide by 12).

Q3: What is a typical velocity range for water in pipes?
A: Typically 2-8 ft/s for water systems. Higher velocities may cause erosion and noise, while lower velocities may allow sediment settlement.

Q4: Can this formula be used for other fluids?
A: Yes, but the conversion factor remains the same as it converts volume, not accounting for fluid density or viscosity differences.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical maximum flow. Actual flow may be less due to friction losses, pipe roughness, fittings, and other factors.