1. What is Conductivity?

Conductivity (σ) is a measure of a material's ability to conduct electric current. It is calculated as the product of concentration (C) and molar conductivity (Λ_m).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the conductivity formula:

Where:

• \( \sigma \) — Conductivity (S/m)
• \( C \) — Concentration (mol/L)
• \( \Lambda_m \) — Molar Conductivity (S m²/mol)

Explanation: This formula relates the conductivity of an electrolyte solution to its concentration and the molar conductivity of the ions.

3. Importance of Conductivity Calculation

Details: Conductivity measurements are crucial in various fields including water quality testing, chemical analysis, and industrial processes to determine the ionic content of solutions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter concentration in mol/L and molar conductivity in S m²/mol. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What factors affect molar conductivity?
A: Molar conductivity depends on the nature of the electrolyte, temperature, and the concentration of the solution.

Q2: How does temperature affect conductivity?
A: Conductivity generally increases with temperature as ion mobility increases.

Q3: What are typical conductivity values for common solutions?
A: Pure water has very low conductivity (~5.5 μS/m), while seawater has high conductivity (~5 S/m).

Q4: Can this formula be used for all electrolyte solutions?
A: This formula works well for dilute solutions, but for concentrated solutions, additional factors may need to be considered.

Q5: What's the difference between conductivity and conductance?
A: Conductance is the reciprocal of resistance, while conductivity is conductance per unit length and cross-sectional area.